4 10 490 https://www.mallhistory.org/files/original/9f04be5ec042110361eada7a0075650d.jpg eedc8bff823f8f8e8d7a3b7f4b2cf492 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Photographic Print Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Waffle Vendor on the Mall Description An account of the resource Much like the food trucks that line the Mall today, food wagons in the late 1800s catered to <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/295">office workers</a> and tourists. Here a wagon offering "Hot Waffles 6 for 5c" sits on the Mall near the southside of the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/337">Treasury Department building</a>. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Uriah Hunt Painter (photographer) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division. <a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2002723170/">View Original.</a> Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 04/22/1889 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1860-1889 commerce & trade everyday life work & play https://www.mallhistory.org/files/original/42f08b124ee690d9dd1fdbe1192c0a38.tif d166342b1f836ec97fd61e8a6405239d Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Photographic Print Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A Picnic on the White House Lawn Description An account of the resource During the 1800s the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/66">White House</a> was much more accessible than it is today and informal social events were often held at the executive mansion. In this photo, a group is picnicking on the White House grounds with the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/337">Treasury Department building</a> visible in the background. <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/255">Unlike today, this area has the look of a forest with many large trees</a>. Before the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/206">McMillan Commission's redesign of the Mall</a> in 1902 the area was a series of meandering paths, gardens, and dense trees. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division. <a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2002723172/">View Original</a>. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1889 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1860-1889 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Uriah Hunt Painter (photographer) environment everyday life ghost mall https://www.mallhistory.org/files/original/4da4c1873cbb6edc4d647ab63c3f81ea.jpg 60fe87365db669b0fedaaae7c2dc0452 Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. Capital Edifice to Be Finished in Fall Washington, D.C., Dec. 21 [Special] - Originally scheduled to be completed tomorrow, the 3 million dollar Thomas Jefferson memorial on the east bank of the tidal basin here will not be finished until next September, architectural experts said today. Delay in construction was ascribed to two strikes and to the fact that the work of filling in the seawall along the basin has been retarded because the contractor also is working on Washington airport. Because the airport is considered a vital link in the nation’s military preparations, it was decided that the labor and equipment needed on the Jefferson memorial would be better utilized on the airport. Final Appearance Evident The memorial, however, is taking on its final lines, as columns are put into place and the dome completed. The building will be of pantheon design. Plans for it were prepared by the late John Pope, who also prepared plans for the Mellon Art gallery which is under construction a short distance away, on Constitution avenue. The architectural firm of Eggers & Higgins of New York City, has been supervising construction of the two buildings since the death of Pope in September, 1937. Surrounded by a peristyle of Ionic columns, the memorial contains a central circular room approximately 80 feet in diameter, with a dome ceiling. Made of limestone, the ceiling is entirely self-supporting, and is not connected with the outside section of the dome. The outer dome is made of structural steel encased in concrete with marble on top. Three Work on Statue Three artists have been working on models for the statue which will occupy the center of the large marble lined room in the interior of the memorial. The statue will be a heroic figure of Jefferson, on a great pedestal. The building will be a companion edifice to the Lincoln memorial, and will complete the five point design plan for the central Washington area, including the capitol, the Washington monument, the White House, and the Lincoln and Jefferson memorials. In the frieze of the main entabulature encircling the room, space will be found for inscriptions from Jefferson’s writings. On the four diagonal points there will be large panels, which will be well situated for other inscriptions or bas-reliefs of the events during Jefferson’s lifetime. A symbolic sculpture group will be placed in the center of the tympanum of the north portico. One of the objections to construction of the memorial was that nearly 125 Japanese cherry trees had to be moved or cut down. Altho the memorial will be completed next fall, it is expected the dedication of the statue of Jefferson will not be held until 1943, when it will be arranged to coincide with the bicentennial. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data newspaper article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Strikes Delay U.S. Memorial to Jefferson Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Chicago Daily Tribune Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1/1/1941 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1920-1949 Description An account of the resource In June 1939, carpenters and laborers working on construction projects throughout Washington went on strike, including many building the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/31">Jefferson Memorial</a>. Work on the Memorial and other public projects stopped for nearly 3 weeks due to the strikes. At the end of the strike, workers had successfully bargained for higher wages. building the mall design & monuments https://www.mallhistory.org/files/original/fa8854fc755065acc907f1b4676f3f27.jpg e9acd6e047b43602f0843a21027f00aa Document A resource containing textual data. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre text. Text Any textual data included in the document. Some Interesting Facts about the Men Whose Pictures are Given Theodore V. Ryder, one of the carpenters who has been employed on the work for the last three years, served his apprenticeship under Mr. McLaughlin, who is his brother-in-law. The elevator conductor is Edward Wayson, who was working under McLaughlin as a carpenter when he was building the Ascension Church. He accompanied the superintendent to the monument and followed his trade there until the erection of the elevator, when he was made conductor. It is estimated that he has made between thirty and forty thousand trips up and down the elevator, having taken up all the 9,612 stones and all the woodwork used in the erection of the obelisk and its interior furnishings. As the men would descend every night, the only colored man employed on the summit, named Lewis O’Brien, used to start up the old camp meeting songs such as “Beneath the Shadows of the Rock,” &., and, when the men joined in the chorus, the structure would ring with their stentorian voices. Lewis, although born in North Carolina before the war, has never felt the bonds of slavery. His grandmother was set free by her master, a Mr. John Jackson, for having rescued one of his children one night from a burning building. Lewis went to Baltimore and engaged himself as a laborer. While there he taught himself to read and write by attending a night school now and then and by picking up scraps of learning from his fellow workmen. He has been working on the monument since its construction was recommenced, and has mixed all of the cement used. His black face fairly beamed with joy and pride yesterday when he was called to spread the cement under the cap-stone. The colored people among whom he lived look up to him with great respect for having been connected with a work of such great importance. He has been made the butt of all the jokes of the boys at the top of the monument. “Old Corporal,” as Joseph Engelfinger is called, has only been working on the obelisk for a short time as a laborer. He got his sobriquet from having been in the army sixteen years. He entered during the war, and served in Capt. Davis’ regiment on the frontier. He used to carry the mails from one post to another, and was always in the saddle. Although he was in danger of being pierced with an arrow shot by some treacherous Indian, yet he used to mount his horse and start off with as much coolness as he would eat his breakfast. Charles Cumberland has been engaged as a skilled laborer ever since the setting of the stones began. William Branson, who was formerly as sailor in the United States Navy, was formerly employed upon the ground, but at the commencement of the roof-building he was called up higher and engaged upon the top as a laborer. All the rigging on the Bureau of Engraving and Printing was done by James Hogan, who, coming to the Monument five years ago as a skilled laborer setting stones, succeeded Bute, the rigger, when the latter resigned. He is an old sailor, and has been at sea nearly all his life. Another of the skilled laborers, named James Wells, who has been upon the work since its commencement, made himself notable by being the first man to be thrown over the side of the structure. In swinging one of the cranes round a guy attached to it struck him, and over he tumbled, fortunately being caught by the net. All the men, including Mr. McLaughlin himself have at different and several times tumbled into the net, or been knocked into it accidentally. One of the laborers, John Flynn, was standing on the wall, which was at that time about six feet about the netting, working with a guy rope, when he slipped and fell over the side. He was naturally considerably scared, but clung on to the guy rope and was caught by the net, from which he climbed hand over hand to the platform again. The strength of the netting is something extraordinary. At one time a wooden straight line, which Mr. McLaughlin prized highly, was lying in it, when a thunder storm, accompanied by a strong gale of wind, arose, and the straight line threatened to be blown over, when it would have been smashed irrevocably. Knowing how the line was pried by their superintendent, all of the thirteen men got into the net together and made the line fast. One of the first men engaged by McLaughlin as a skilled laborer was James E. Talbot, and with the exception of a few months he has been constantly employed there since. Three or four months ago John Mahoney, an Irishman, was taken on to assist the machinist Joseph Williams, who broke his arm by tumbling down from one of the landings to that below, a distance of about ten feet. Sam Maston, a carpenter, engaged three or four months ago, was formerly employed as a ship carpenter at the navy yard. Joseph Faunce used to help his father, a fisherman, until he became a laborer upon the monument. George Knightsey and James Flynn helped the masons to set every stone in the roof, while James Chauncey, who has been one of the stonecutters since the work started, helped to cut the roof stones and has been employed on the top since the setting of the roof began, doing such little trimmings as were necessary. He lives in Alexandria, going and returning every day. All the masonry has been done by Dennis O’Leary and Thomas Purcell. The latter is not now employed on the monument. After reaching the 500 foot level there was only room for one mason, and as O’Lear was the younger man he was kept on to finish the work, while Purcell was sent below and worked as a stonecutter. The inside of the monument on the ground floor has been in the charge of James B. Evans, who has been employed there nearly seven years. While the new foundation was being put under the structure the greater part of the material was received by him. When the stone setting began the care of landing the stones and putting them on the elevator devolved upon him. The last year he has been assisted by Thomas Riley, who has traveled over nearly the whole of the United States as a carpenter, employed in making railroad bridges, &c. A Lynchburg man is in charge of the engine which runs the elevator. His name is John E. McKenna, and he took the place about two years ago, succeeding F. M. Dykes, who now runs the elevator in the Patent Office. The illustration within the portraits show the monument entrance and the elevator ascending. The superintendent is indicating the line which marks the top of the Capitol dome. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data newspaper article. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Builders of the Monument Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Washington Post Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 12/7/1884 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1860-1889 Description An account of the resource The Washington Post published an article highlighting the contributions of laborers who built the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/36">Washington Monument</a>. The article included an illustration of the individuals profiled and revealed their occupational backgrounds. Some worked on ships and others on railroads before joining the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/281">Monument's construction crews</a>. One of the workers highlighted was African American concrete mixer Lewis O'Brien. The images in the center of this illustration represent the entrance to the monument (left), and Superintendent P. H. McLaughlin testing the elevator with some workmen (right). building the mall design & monuments work & play https://www.mallhistory.org/files/original/0cde0dfa3391ad1d47be3fd720e2800c.jpg 3aaf23bc39ca7df141fd0181e2c0dc07 People An individual, biographical data, birth and death, etc. First Name for nav purposes Daniel Last Name for nav purposes French Birth Date 4/20/1850 Birthplace Exeter, New Hampshire Death Date 10/7/1931 Occupation Artist Biographical Text Daniel Chester French was born in Essex, New Hampshire. French’s father, Henry Flagg French, was a lawyer, judge, and federal official. In 1867, when French was 17, the family moved to Concord, Massachusetts, where they were neighbors with influential artists and authors, such as Ralph Waldo Emerson and Louisa May Alcott. Although he had little formal training as a young man, French was able to study with a number of accomplished artists, both in the United States and in Europe. French’s first major commission was a statue for the city of Concord to commemorate the 100th anniversary of the Battle of Lexington and Concord. The statue, titled 'Minute Man,' was well received, and became so famous that it was featured on war bonds during World War I. After living for two years in Italy, French moved to Washington, DC in 1876 and set up a studio near the Capitol. In 1890, he returned to Europe again to study with <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/146">Augustus Saint-Gaudens</a> in Paris. On his return, he and his wife, Mary Adams French, moved to New York City, where he lived for the rest of his life. In 1914, French was selected by the Lincoln Memorial Committee to create the sculpture of Lincoln for a memorial on the National Mall. French resigned as chairman of the Fine Arts Commission, which would be involved in reviewing any design choices for the monument, in order to accept the commission. Mary and Daniel French purchased a summer house in Stockbridge, Massachusetts in 1896. Daniel died there in 1931 at the age of 81. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Daniel Chester French Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division. <a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2004671901/">View original.</a> Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1890-1919 1920-1949 Description An account of the resource French was a sculptor whose best-known work in Washington, DC, is the statue of President Abraham Lincoln inside the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/33">Lincoln Memorial.</a> He also sculpted the statue of Victory which tops the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/129">First Division Monument </a>in President’s Park. From 1910-1915, French served as one of the first members of the US Commission for Fine Arts, which reviews new construction in Washington for design and aesthetics. This commission carried on the work of the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/179">Senate Park Commission</a> who designed the Mall. One of French’s good friends and mentor, <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/146">Augustus Saint-Gaudens,</a> was a member of that Commission. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Daniel Chester French arts & culture building the mall design & monuments https://www.mallhistory.org/files/original/b9ade96cb81b34db9b1afa9d64d124d0.jpg fd024370c6654d8593d0517857a0d983 Event A non-persistent, time-based occurrence. Metadata for an event provides descriptive information that is the basis for discovery of the purpose, location, duration, and responsible agents associated with an event. Examples include an exhibition, webcast, conference, workshop, open day, performance, battle, trial, wedding, tea party, conflagration. Event Type Marches and Rallies Event Sort Date For sort purposes only. Use YYYYMMDD with no spaces. If no MM or DD, use 00. For multi-day events, use first day. 19700619 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Black Panther Rally Description An account of the resource In June 1970, the Black Panther Party held a rally on the steps of the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/33">Lincoln Memorial</a> promoting the proposed "Revolutionary People's Constitutional Convention," to be held that September in Philadelphia. The goal of the Convention was to rewrite the US Constitution to ensure equal rights for oppressed groups, including African Americans, women, and young people. The organizers of the rally chose June 19, or Juneteenth, for its significance as the day in 1865 when enslaved peoples living in Texas were finally freed. Roughly 1,000 people attended the Mall rally. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division. <a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2003688170/">View Original</a>. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 06/19/1970 Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Thomas J. O'Halloran (photographer ) Warren K. Leffler (photographer) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1950-1979 civil rights politics & protest https://www.mallhistory.org/files/original/966e807daf3ade1f3ccf3296e3681199.jpg 4f137bd089b2c317d42d6954e89fd43e Event A non-persistent, time-based occurrence. Metadata for an event provides descriptive information that is the basis for discovery of the purpose, location, duration, and responsible agents associated with an event. Examples include an exhibition, webcast, conference, workshop, open day, performance, battle, trial, wedding, tea party, conflagration. Event Type DC History Event Sort Date For sort purposes only. Use YYYYMMDD with no spaces. If no MM or DD, use 00. For multi-day events, use first day. 19300212 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource US Army Blimp Lands at Lincoln Memorial Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 02/12/1930 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1920-1949 Description An account of the resource In 1930, the US Army landed an open gondola blimp at the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/33">Lincoln Memorial</a>, on a special trip to honor Lincoln's Birthday. Upon landing, the blimp's pilots placed a wreath at the Memorial. US Army blimps occasionally flew over Washington during practices flights from Langley Field in Virginia, but blimps rarely landed on the Mall. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division. <a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/thc1995001697/pp/">View Original</a>. design & monuments military history work & play https://www.mallhistory.org/files/original/ca93308c56f5bc8ac45337a06d752d15.jpg 1e1149c0862bc6686d514a8bb0742a1a Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Negative Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image. 8 in x 10 in Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Turning the Ground Near the Lincoln Memorial Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Theodor Horydczak (photographer) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Library of Congress, Prints and Photographs Division. <a href="http://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/thc1995009388/pp/">View original</a>. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1920 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1920-1949 Description An account of the resource In the 1920s, the land on the western end of the Mall was transformed from a field into the planned landscape surrounding the newly-built <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/33">Lincoln Memorial</a>, designed by architect James Greenleaf. In this photo, a two-person team tills the land near the Memorial with a horse-drawn tractor to prepare the grounds for planting. design & monuments environment everyday life https://www.mallhistory.org/files/original/c3c37b981fd0f32494ab6dbcc16207ae.jpg 659edf7a5ccfd7f4b78d7648e23a0761 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials. Original Format If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Photograph Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Maintaining the Monuments Description An account of the resource The National Park Service employs many special maintenance teams to keep the Mall beautiful. Their role is to preserve the monuments and maintain the landscapes. Landscapers care for the grounds and remove 3-4 tons of trash daily. A special crew preserves the monuments and memorials. In this photo one such worker cleans the <a href="http://mallhistory.org/items/show/33">Lincoln Memorial</a>. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived National Park Service Internal Archive Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 2000-present Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 7/13/2012 design & monuments everyday life work & play https://www.mallhistory.org/files/original/f4576e5a21c4466e17997ebb4176aa03.jpg 003c8bb0cdfd36d8ad0e68750311d185 Place Important spaces on the mall (See the "Places" writeboard in basecamp.) Physical Description Text describing the appearance of the place and its situation on the Mall. grass panels Location The location of the interview. National Mall Type The nature or genre of the resource Gardens and Landscapes Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mall Turf Description An account of the resource Foot traffic from 25 million annual visitors is hard on the Mall’s natural resources. In 2017, the National Park Service completed a restoration project that re-engineered a total of 18 acres of turf between 3rd and 14th Streets to ensure preservation and access. The project included the installation of accessible granite curbs and compaction resistant soil. A new irrigation system was developed by installing drains and large underground cisterns to collect storm water which will be used to water the grass. A Turf Manager was hired to maintain the project, the first position of its kind in the National Park Service. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived National Park Service, National Mall and Memorial Parks. <a href="http://www.nps.gov/nama/naturescience/mall-turf.htm">View Original</a>. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2012 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 2000-present environment everyday life work & play